Showing posts with label The Orkneys. Show all posts
Showing posts with label The Orkneys. Show all posts

Wednesday, 22 August 2012

'And the betrayal / Be quite undone and never more be done'

In an ideal world I would have remembered to post this poem on the feast of the Transfiguration (August 6), as I had vaguely intended to do; but since I forgot, here it is today. It's by the Orkney-born poet Edwin Muir, and is absolutely wonderful - the last part always makes me tear up a little.



The Transfiguration

So from the ground we felt that virtue branch
Through all our veins till we were whole, our wrists
As fresh and pure as water from a well,
Our hands made new to handle holy things,
The source of all our seeing rinsed and cleansed
Till earth and light and water entering there
Gave back to us the clear unfallen world.
We would have thrown our clothes away for lightness,
But that even they, though sour and travel stained,
Seemed, like our flesh, made of immortal substance,
And the soiled flax and wool lay light upon us
Like friendly wonders, flower and flock entwined
As in a morning field. Was it a vision?
Or did we see that day the unseeable
One glory of the everlasting world
Perpetually at work, though never seen
Since Eden locked the gate that’s everywhere
And nowhere? Was the change in us alone,
And the enormous earth still left forlorn,
An exile or a prisoner? Yet the world
We saw that day made this unreal, for all
Was in its place. The painted animals
Assembled there in gentle congregations,
Or sought apart their leafy oratories,
Or walked in peace, the wild and tame together,
As if, also for them, the day had come.
The shepherds’ hovels shone, for underneath
The soot we saw the stone clean at the heart
As on the starting-day. The refuse heaps
Were grained with that fine dust that made the world;
For he had said, ‘To the pure all things are pure.’
And when we went into the town, he with us,
The lurkers under doorways, murderers,
With rags tied round their feet for silence, came
Out of themselves to us and were with us,
And those who hide within the labyrinth
Of their own loneliness and greatness came,
And those entangled in their own devices,
The silent and the garrulous liars, all
Stepped out of their dungeons and were free.
Reality or vision, this we have seen.
If it had lasted but another moment
It might have held for ever! But the world
Rolled back into its place, and we are here,
And all that radiant kingdom lies forlorn,
As if it had never stirred; no human voice
Is heard among its meadows, but it speaks
To itself alone, alone it flowers and shines
And blossoms for itself while time runs on.


But he will come again, it’s said, though not
Unwanted and unsummoned; for all things,
Beasts of the field, and woods, and rocks, and seas,
And all mankind from end to end of the earth
Will call him with one voice. In our own time,
Some say, or at a time when time is ripe.
Then he will come, Christ the uncrucified,
Christ the discrucified, his death undone,
His agony unmade, his cross dismantled—
Glad to be so—and the tormented wood
Will cure its hurt and grow into a tree
In a green springing corner of young Eden,
And Judas damned take his long journey backward
From darkness into light and be a child
Beside his mother’s knee, and the betrayal
Be quite undone and never more be done.


A depiction of the Transfiguration of Christ at Westhall, Suffolk

Saturday, 19 May 2012

Thou'rt the music of my soul: Maiden of Morven


Maiden of Morven: An Ossianic Love-Lament

The lament of an Ossianic hero for the death of his lady-love, accidentally lost in a storm off the point of Ardnamurchan



Moan ye winds that never sleep,
Howl ye spirits of the deep,
Roar ye torrents down the steep,
Roll ye mists on Morven.
May the tempests never rest
Nor the seas with peace be blest
Since they tore thee from my breast,
Maiden of Morven!

Fairer than the flowers that grow,
Purer than the rills that flow,
Gentler than the fallow doe
'Mid the woods of Morven;
As the leaf is to the tree,
As the summer to the bee,
So wert thou, my Love, to me,
Maiden of Morven!

Ossian's harp sings Fingal's praise;
Wild the lilt of Carril's lays,
Men and maids of other days
Fire his tales of Morven.
Though their chords like thunder roll,
When at Beltane brims the bowl,
Thou'rt the music of my soul,
Maiden of Morven!

Oft I chased the deer of yore;
Many a battle-brunt I bore,
When the chiefs of Innistore
Hurled their might on Morven.
Blunt my spear, and slack my bow,
Like an empty ghost I go,
Death the only hope I know,
Maiden of Morven!


This dramatic piece of Victorian Scottish antiquarianism is by Harold Boulton. I don't know much about Ossian and his laments, but you don't really need to in order to enjoy the awesomeness of this song. The tune is an old Highland melody with a super-dramatic setting by Malcolm Lawson, like thunder clouds rolling; you can sort of hear it in this recording at Amazon.

Innistore, according to the note in Songs of the North, is "the Orkney Islands, then like many of the Islands under the dominion of the Scandinavian Kings, who were frequently at war with the Celtic Fingalians of the Mainland". Oh, those Scandinavian kings, always at war with someone. Archaeology helpfully confirms the historical records, since just last year there was a very exciting discovery in Ardnamurchan: a Viking ship-burial complete with the body and artefacts.

Most of my knowledge of this part of Scotland comes from the film 'I Know Where I'm Going', and so this stormy song always makes me think of its climatic scene in Corryvreckan whirlpool (the whole film is on youtube; the whirpool scene starts at about 1:07:00). It's a wonderful film, impossible not to fall in love with; you should definitely watch it if you have an hour or two to spare. The plaintive tune playing as the boat returns is, appropriately, The Boatman, because Powell and Pressburger had excellent taste...

Monday, 16 April 2012

Repost: Magnus the Martyr, The Saint Who Hid In A Tree

I'm reposting this from last year in honour of St Magnus, because I just love this story!


Magnus Erlendsson, who is commemorated on April 16th, is the pre-eminent saint of the Orkneys, and if you would like a proper account of his life I suggest you go here. There are two things I principally remember about Magnus, and one is that he did miraculous favours for English gamblers, and the other is that he hid up a tree. This is the tree story.

At the end of the eleventh century, when Magnus was born as the son of the Earl of Orkney (one of the twin brothers who held that title jointly, in fact), the independence of Orkney was constantly under threat from the kings of Norway. In 1098 the king of Norway (also called Magnus, helpfully - stick with me here) arrived in Orkney and declared himself its new ruler. He deposed the twin earls and took their sons, including Magnus, into his service, and installed his own son as the new earl. He then went on an expedition around the Irish Sea, doing his bit to extend or enforce Norwegian power through the various islands, and taking the Orkney boys with him.

(The son of Harold Godwinson was also with them, in case you ever wondered what happened to him.)

Anyway, the story goes that Magnus Erlendsson, who was already known for his piety and gentle nature, was a bit of a young pacifist. (He was in his early teens at this point). When King Magnus and his men were preparing for a battle off Anglesey against the Welsh and some Norman earls from the Welsh borders, young Magnus refused to take part. This is how Orkneyinga saga tells it:

"When men were getting out their weapons and preparing themselves for the fight, Magnus Erlendsson sat down in the forecastle, and did not arm himself. The king asked why he sat there. He said he had no quarrel with any man there - "That’s why I will not fight." The king said: "Get down below deck, then, and don’t lie here under our feet, if you're afraid to fight - for I don't think it's piety that makes you do this." Magnus took a psalter, and sung while the battle lasted, but did not shield himself. This battle was both hard and long, and spears were thrown and blows struck; it was long so that it could not be seen between them which way the fight would turn."

King Magnus won the battle, but it only got worse for young Magnus...

"King Magnus had made Magnus Erlendsson his page, and he always served at the king’s table; but after the battle in Anglesey King Magnus took a great dislike to him. He said he had behaved like a coward. It happened one night when King Magnus lay off Scotland that Magnus Erlendsson ran away from King Magnus’ ship when he thought he had the best chance of escaping from the king. He jumped overboard and swam to land, and made up his berth so that it seemed as if a man lay there.

[like they do in kids' TV shows! This would make such a great cartoon...]

"But when he came to land he ran into the woods. He was only dressed in his underclothing. He struck his foot, and hurt himself sorely, as he was barefoot, and so he could walk no further. He came to a large tree, and climbed up there into the branches, and there he bound up his foot, and hid himself in the branches for some time. But in the morning when men went to eat on board the king’s ship, the king asked where Magnus Erlendsson was. He was told that he was asleep in his berth. The king bade them wake him, and said something else than sleep must have come over him when he lay in bed longer than other men. But when they went to his place, he was missing. Then the king bade them search for him and let loose the dogs. But when the dogs were loose, they at once got on his track, and ran off to the wood, and came to the tree where Magnus was hiding. Then one hound ran round and round the oak and bayed. Magnus had a stick in his hand, and threw it at the hound, and hit him on the side. The hound laid his tail between his legs and ran down to the ships, and the others after it. The king’s men could not find Magnus. He lay hidden for a while in the wood, and was next heard of in the court of Malcolm the king of Scots, and stayed there a while, but sometimes he was in Bretland with a certain bishop. He was sometimes in England, or in other places with his friends, but he did not come back to the Orkneys while king Magnus lived."

And who could blame him? It didn't go too well when he got back to the Orkneys, either, and that's why he's a martyr; but that's another story.



The picture of the man up a tree is from the Luttrell Psalter. I don't think he's actually *hiding* up the tree, but I couldn't resist...

Saturday, 16 April 2011

Magnus the Martyr, The Saint Who Hid In A Tree



And not in a Zacchaeus kind of way. More like a Charles II kind of way.

Magnus Erlendsson, who is commemorated on April 16th, is the pre-eminent saint of the Orkneys, and if you would like a proper account of his life I suggest you go here. I'm afraid I can only provide legend and silliness today. There are two things I principally remember about Magnus, and one is that he did miraculous favours for English gamblers, and the other is that he hid up a tree. This is the tree story.

At the end of the eleventh century, when Magnus was born as the son of the Earl of Orkney (one of the twin brothers who held that title jointly, in fact), the independence of Orkney was constantly under threat from the kings of Norway. In 1098 the king of Norway (also called Magnus, helpfully - stick with me here) arrived in Orkney and declared himself its new ruler. He deposed the twin earls and took their sons, including Magnus, into his service, and installed his own son as the new earl. He then went on an expedition around the Irish Sea, doing his bit to extend or enforce Norwegian power through the various islands, and taking the Orkney boys with him.

(The son of Harold Godwinson was also with them, in case you ever wondered what happened to him.)

Anyway, the story goes that Magnus Erlendsson, who was already known for his piety and gentle nature, was a bit of a young pacifist. (He was in his early teens at this point). When King Magnus and his men were preparing for a battle off Anglesey against the Welsh and some Norman earls from the Welsh borders, young Magnus refused to take part. This is how Orkneyinga saga tells it:

"When men were getting out their weapons and preparing themselves for the fight, Magnus Erlendsson sat down in the forecastle, and did not arm himself. The king asked why he sat there. He said he had no quarrel with any man there - "That’s why I will not fight." The king said: "Get down below deck, then, and don’t lie here under our feet, if you're afraid to fight - for I don't think it's piety that makes you do this." Magnus took a psalter, and sung while the battle lasted, but did not shield himself. This battle was both hard and long, and spears were thrown and blows struck; it was long so that it could not be seen between them which way the fight would turn."

King Magnus won the battle, but it only got worse for young Magnus...

"King Magnus had made Magnus Erlendsson his page, and he always served at the king’s table; but after the battle in Anglesey King Magnus took a great dislike to him. He said he had behaved like a coward. It happened one night when King Magnus lay off Scotland that Magnus Erlendsson ran away from King Magnus’ ship when he thought he had the best chance of escaping from the king. He jumped overboard and swam to land, and made up his berth so that it seemed as if a man lay there.

[like they do in kids' TV shows! This would make such a great cartoon...]

"But when he came to land he ran into the woods. He was only dressed in his underclothing. He struck his foot, and hurt himself sorely, as he was barefoot, and so he could walk no further. He came to a large tree, and climbed up there into the branches, and there he bound up his foot, and hid himself in the branches for some time. But in the morning when men went to eat on board the king’s ship, the king asked where Magnus Erlendsson was. He was told that he was asleep in his berth. The king bade them wake him, and said something else than sleep must have come over him when he lay in bed longer than other men. But when they went to his place, he was missing. Then the king bade them search for him and let loose the dogs. But when the dogs were loose, they at once got on his track, and ran off to the wood, and came to the tree where Magnus was hiding. Then one hound ran round and round the oak and bayed. Magnus had a stick in his hand, and threw it at the hound, and hit him on the side. The hound laid his tail between his legs and ran down to the ships, and the others after it. The king’s men could not find Magnus. He lay hidden for a while in the wood, and was next heard of in the court of Malcolm the king of Scots, and stayed there a while, but sometimes he was in Bretland with a certain bishop. He was sometimes in England, or in other places with his friends, but he did not come back to the Orkneys while king Magnus lived."

And who could blame him? It didn't go too well when he got back to the Orkneys, either, and that's why he's a martyr; but that's another story.


The picture of the man up a tree is from the Luttrell Psalter. I don't think he's actually *hiding* up the tree, but I couldn't resist...

Thursday, 2 December 2010

A Miracle of St Magnus

This brief story from Orkneyinga saga, the twelfth-century history of the Earls of Orkney, is chiefly of importance to me because it shows that medieval Englishmen were praying to a Norse saint. I can't make up my mind whether, as miracle-stories go, it's slightly odd or rather touching. The St Magnus in question is the martyred earl of Orkney Magnus Erlendsson (d.1116/7).


'In England, there were once two men staking money heavily on a game of dice. One of them had lost a great deal, and at last he staked a cargo-boat and everything else that he had, against all that he had lost. The other man was first to throw and got two sixes. The man we are speaking of thought this looked very bad for him, so he made a vow to St Magnus the Earl asking him not to let him lose all his possessions. Then he threw the dice. One of the dice broke and he got two sixes and an ace, so that he won everything at stake; and some time later he gave a lot of money to St Magnus.'